The Ancient Mayan Civilization A Rigid Social Structure

The Ancient Mayan Civilization was built upon a rigid social structure based on their religious beliefs. They used a caste social structure in which divisions were based on wealth, inherited rank, privilege, profession, or occupation. Their beliefs were based on the fact that nature elements had the power to either help or harm. The Ancient Mayans used their social structure and beliefs to shape their daily lives. The Mayans were a very religious. They believed in many gods and all events centered around their religious beliefs. In their belief system, the gods would bring the rain, heal the sick, bring plentiful harvests and make sure the health and safety of the people if they were honored. If the gods were angry, they believed that the gods would send disasters to their people like droughts throughout their region. In order to keep the gods happy, they believed that a daily sacrifice of blood was necessary. They would open a wound on their body and let the blood drip on paper. Kin gs would also offer their blood to please the gods. The paper would be burned in an offering to the gods. The Mayans worshipped their ancestors as if they were gods. It was believed that the priests could see the spirits in the smoke. When a king or nobleman died, the Mayan people believed that he became one with the gods and would go to live in the sky with them. The dead were buried with food, tools, clothing, and whatever would be needed for their journey. Tombs were built to bury theirShow MoreRelatedThe Ancient Civilizations of Central and South America Essay5364 Words   |  22 PagesThe Ancient Civilizations of Central and South America Central and South America was once home to some of the ancient worlds most magnificent and glorious civilizations. The Incas, Aztecs, and Mayas were just three of these civilizations. These civilizations ruled the area for many years, and flourished greatly in their own different ways. They were the cause for much advancement in arts, architecture, politics, religion, and society in the world. These civilizationsRead MoreMexican Muralism4003 Words   |  17 Pagesstyles are similar in the sense of the amount of expression and movement in their pieces They also share a common ideology that shows up often in their work. Siqueiros’ Portrait of the Bourgeoisie and New Democracy along with Orozco’s American Civilization and Catharsis show you a great cross section of Mexican Muralism, revealing the passions and beliefs of the time period. In order to understand the Mexican muralists, one must first understand the Mexican Revolution. Among the revolutions ofRead MoreThe Birth of Civilization18947 Words   |  76 Pages1 The Birth of Civilization Mohenjo-Daro Figure. Scholars believe this limestone statue from about 2500 B.C.E. depicts a king or a priest from Mohenjo-Daro in the Indus valley in present-day Pakistan. Does this figure seem to emphasize the features of a particular person or the attributes of a particular role? Hear the Audio for Chapter 1 at www.myhistorylab.com CRAIMC01_xxxii-031hr2.qxp 2/17/11 3:22 PM Page xxxii EARLY HUMANS AND THEIR CULTURE page 1 WHY IS â€Å"culture† considered a definingRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesWineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History

The Formations Of The Mankind System - 1568 Words

The formations of the mankind system have started thousands of years ago and during the pass of time took various changes and transformations. Humans as any other live beings created by nature have developed their own laws of living in order to control and coordinate the relations between them and to avoid chaos in community. Consequently, from this decision arisen another important question – in what way and by whom should the laws be developed and regulated. The main ideas of the laws are to protect the rights of every individual, to ensure peace, to state the norms of social behavior; therefore they should be based on fairness and equality that are involved in the concept of justice. Since the years passed previously formed aspect of justice moved from the sphere of law and got more broaden meaning, certain definition of which was and still remains a topic of debate for theologians, philosophers and legislators. Nowadays the word justice, being on everyone s lips, is used so often that it may signify nearly anything. Though one of the main meanings given by modern people is the interchangeability of justice with the word â€Å"fairness†. Indeed, in any situation occurred in our everyday life we all want to be treated in a fair way, because we believe that we deserve equal and unbiased treatment - one should not be paid any less because of gender, one should not be judged more roughly because of one s skin color or one should not wait longer for service because of what oneShow MoreRelatedEssay on Metaphysics of Ovid and Dante742 Words   |  3 Pagespaganistic perspective. This demonstrates two very different approaches to the same exact query. Mankind has questioned the existence of a metaphysical realm for generations and consequently shapes the nature of the supernatural world. The complex pagan religious system of the Romans mirrored that of the Greeks, but what Ovid sought to create was a solid (nearly Bible-like) account of the formation of the world and the source of the multifarious gods. Essentially, Ovid is seeking to rationalizeRead MoreThe Marxist Model Of Class Struggles1052 Words   |  5 Pagesthey themselves can’t manage to purchase for themselves. Furthermore, the bourgeois, profit off of the proletarians hard work and manage to maintain this relationship in order to continue to profit economically. Economics flows directly into the formation of class struggles. Because of capitalism there will forever be a class with a majority of the wealth and a less prominent class that struggles and can t afford the products they produce. The exploitation of classes causes friction amongst the classesRead MoreComparing John Locke and Thomas Hobbes Essay1279 Words   |  6 Pages The formation of government is one of the central themes for both Hobbes and Locke. Whether or not men naturally form a government, or must form a government, is based on man’s basic nature. According to Hobbes, a government must be formed to preserve life and prevent loss of property. According to Locke, a government arises to protect life and property. Governments are born of inequality and formed to administer equality. Hobbes goes into a lot of detail concerning man’s interactions with oneRead MoreNietzsche: the Conscience1552 Words   |  7 Pagesresponsibility is placed on the individual rather than the society. â€Å"If something is to stay in the memory it must be burned in: only that which never ceases to hurt stays in the memory† (Nietzsche 1989b, p. 61). Therefore, the central stimuli in the formation of conscience are this sense of responsibility and a trained memory. Nietzsche says that while our current view of guilt is associated with accountability and responsibility; this has not always been the case. 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Transhumanists suggest we, as humans, through developing technologies, can refine our psychological, physical and intellectual abilities. Throughout time science and technology, has helped humans better ready themselves from natural disasters, improved the perspective on the geography ofRead MoreThe Origins Of Our Cities1726 Words   |  7 Pageswater and fertile areas of the region. For example, I wanted to do some research on the Sumerian civilization around the fertile crescent and how the ancient Sumerian deities, the Anunnaki, played a part in influencing their way of life and their formation of their cities/communities. My interest started from my own curiosity of how people from the past all have similar stories of how human civilization began and how its early achievements were influenced by a god or gods. As a Korean American, IRead MoreHow The Atmosphere Is A Complex Fluid System Outside Earth1693 Words   |  7 Pages 1 The atmosphere is a complex fluid system outside Earth from a variety of gases and suspended solids consisting of participation in life activities are under long-term development and formation. The main components of the Earth s atmosphere is nitrogen and oxygen, the nine planets in the solar system composition is very special. Composition of the global atmosphere more of the ingredients can be divided into stable and unstable constituent components. The former include nitrogen, oxygenRead MoreSpace Mission : Pluto And Kuiper Belt Objects1686 Words   |  7 PagesSpace Mission To Pluto Question: The â€Å"New Horizons† mission is on its way to explore the outer Solar System. Describe the objectives of the mission and important scientific instruments on the space probe. Discuss what we have learnt about Pluto after the closest approach to this dwarf planet. 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The United States Fast-food Industry Free Essays

The United States fast-food industry is largely made up of Quick Serve Restaurants (QSR) that includes on-premises restaurants and drive-thrus. Off-premises dining  such as  take-out restaurants is  also  considered a QSR.  The fast-food  industry  includes  national and regional chains,  franchises, and independent contractors. We will write a custom essay sample on The United States Fast-food Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now   The fast-food  industry  is  consumer  focused  and relies  heavily on  consumer   spending.  It is  estimated  that the  U.S. Fast  food  industry  is  worth 189.9 billion  dollars  and within the  next  2  years  could  exceed  220 billion dollars (Jaaskelainen  2018).   The  industry  has grown  steadily  in the  last  decade due to the  fact  that these restaurants offer convenient and affordable food options. Top 10 QSR’s in 2017 (Sales Based) * Data retrieved from QSR Magazine Website Companies in the fast-food industry fall under the market structure of perfect comp Market  structure  is  a  classification system  for the key traits of a  market.  The  characteristics  of perfect competition  include  a large  number of  buyers  and  sellers,  easy  entry to and exit from the market and  homogeneous  products.  Many fast-food franchises fit all or most of these characteristics. Porters Five Forces Threat of New Entrants The  threat  of  new  entrants to the  industry  is  high.  There  is  a  high  level of competition between new QSR’s and established fast food chains,  new  QSR  brands are unknown and advertising campaigns are expensive.  Social media, however, has provided a more affordable means of advertising and has allowed QSR’s to communicate with their consumers easily.  Popular fast-food chains also have established themselves and have the resources to react aggressively to competition through pricing and promotions to keep new entrants from entering the marketplace. However, it is not difficult for new entrants to overcome these barriers.  The fast-food industry is a low margin, high turnover industry and new entrants lack economies of scale unlike established QSR’s that have developed over time and can remain competitive.  Capital  requirements  may   prevent  some   competition  however initial  capital  and fixed costs  are  not a significant  battier  in this  industry  especially with franchising which encourages   new  entrants  into the  industry.  Cost disadvantages are, however, a significant barrier to entry since established companies already have the product technology, access to raw materials, favorable sites, advantages in the form of government subsidies as well as experience. Extreme  saturation and similarity  in product offerings  make  convenient locations essential for QSR’s. Government regulations  are more intense for the  larger  firms which  have  to  deal  with franchising  regulations.   Smaller   establishments   have  to  deal  with standard  regulations  such as  health  and  safety, zoning, sanitation, and building and do not  pose  a  large  threat  to  new  entrants. Threat of Substitutions The threat of substitutes is fairly high in the fast-food industry.  Substitutes are readily available, and food can be purchased almost anywhere.  The  convenience  of  fast  food  is  the value-adding component of the  service  which  reduces  the  threat  of  substitutes  however, many  companies  are  now  offering ready-meals as well as mail-order meal plans that ship  fresh  ingredients to the  customer  at relatively low prices.  The healthy options and convergence factors from these companies pose a high threat not only with the fast-food price but also on convenience. Bargaining Power of Customers Customer loyalty does not play an important role as it  does  in other  industries.  The fast-food industry is more focused on volume which keeps the customer bargaining power low. Bargaining Power of Suppliers The  bargaining  power of  suppliers  is  limited  in this  industry.  There  are  many  suppliers  to  choose  from and each chain  goes  through  a competitive bidding process to select their  suppliers.  It is easy to change isuppliers   should they  find  a  better  deal somewhere else. Competitive Rivalry The fast-food industry is  dominated  by many Quick Service Restaurant  (QSR)  chains including McDonald’s, Wendy’s, Burger King, Pizza Hut, Subway,  Arby’s, KFC and Taco Bell to  name  a few. Competition  is primarily cost-based with  firms  continuously investing in their  production  and service processes to undercut competitors.  Exit costs are low, and capacity is easily increased through franchising. State and Federal Regulations The U.S. Food and Drug Administration  (FDA)  is the primary agency responsible for developing public health regulations.  The  FDA  works to  ensure  the  safety  of the  food  in both franchised and small fast  food   establishments.  It is  required  by the  FDA  that all fast-food  workers  complete  a  food  handling course that   educates  workers  on food borne illnesses, cross-contamination,  required  cooking temperatures,   food  storage proper hand washing. The  FDA  has also implemented  menu   labeling   requirements.  All restaurants must display  nutritional  information including total calories, calories   from  fat,  sodium  levels and other  nutritional   data on  menus  and  menu  boards as well as on their websites  where  consumers  can  access  it. The National Salt Reduction Initiative (NSRI) has set voluntary targets for salt levels in an attempt to  reduce  sodium  in restaurant food.  Taco Bell and KFC have  reduced  sodium  in  line  with this  program.  NYC  requires  chain restaurants to post warning labels next to menu items containing high levels of  sodium. The Federal Trade Commisssion (FTC)  requires fast-food ads to be truthful and non-deceptive and they must back up claims with evidence.  In New York, The Bureau of Community Environmental Health and Food, Protection maintains the Sanitary Code for food service establishments.  The New York State Department of Health  requires   all  food   establishments to  have  a valid permit  in  order  to  operate. Recent Economic News The fast-food industry currently employs  3.8 million  people  however the  turn  over  rate  has   reached  an  average  of 150 %.  The  industry  is  experiencing  its  highest  turn over  rate  in 23 years says  Bloomberg analysts  reported in a recent article published by the Business Insider. Analysts   suggest  the significant decrease in  employee  retention  as  a  result  of  new  technology and the expectation   for  higher  productivity. Fast-food chains have made several technological advances such as implementing ordering kiosks.  While the  implementation  was  feared  by employees, fast-food chains  such as  McDonald’s  has  stated  that these  technologies  will not cause  layoffs  but will allow employees  to be  placed  in other  roles   and would  allow  for  a 5% to 6%  increase  in  sales  for 2018 and another 2% in 2019. According  to the  article, these  new  technologies are actually complicating their  jobs.  Due to  the  lack  of training.  Quick service restaurants  (QSR)  declined by one percent to 353,121 units in the fall 2017 censuses.  Fast-casual chains, which  are  a restaurant category under QSR, increased units by four  percent  to a total count of 25,118. The Bureau of Economic Analysis In the most recent  quarterly  report  issued by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, the U.S. personal  income  and disposable  personal  income  both increased 3% from the last  quarterly  report  in 2017.  The  report  suggests  that the  largest  contributor to the  increase  was  spending  on food services and  accommodations  (BEA, 2017). The United Sates Census Bureau The  chart  below from the Census Bureau shows the leading industries by the  number  of employees.  Based on the information provided limited service or fast-food restaurants have the most employees in the industry. * U.S. Census Bureau (2016) Federal Reserve Beige Book reports for most recent period (New York) According  to the Federal Reserves Beige Book reports economic activity in the Second District  (New York)  has continued to expand at a moderate pace since the last report.  The  labor market  has  stayed around the same numbers, while wage growth has mostly grown steady (Federal Reserve Bank).  Input  price  increases have  remained  the same, and consumer  price  inflation  was higher than earlier this year (Federal Reserve Bank). Bureau of Labor Statistics The  chart  below shows the States with the highest  deployment  levels in the restaurant industry including fast food.  New York ranks as the 4th largest in the United States. * Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2018 The Conference Board (consumer confidence) The latest Consumer Confidence Survey states  that â€Å"Consumer  confidence  has  increased  to its  highest  level since October 2000†Ã‚  (Consumer Confidence, 2018).  The  business  and labor market conditions improved  according  to the  survey  and consumer expectations  suggest  solid  economic growth throughout 2018.  The â€Å"historically high confidence levels should continue to support healthy consumer spending in the near-term†(Consumer Confidence, 2018). Specific industry news and reports In an  article  published  by the New York Times, the number of teenagers in the  workforce  has significantly decreased  from a  decade  ago (Abrams, 2017).  The following chart shows the large   increase in  restaurants  and the  decrease  in teenage workers ages 16-19. Chart retrieved from(Abrams, 2017) In a recent analysis by the Bureau of Labor Statistics education, interests have increased causing the decline in teenage workers (Abrams, 2017).  Turnover in the industry also a serious problem.  In 2017 the turnover rate reached 133% and it has  continued  to  rise (Abrams ;  Gebeloff, 2018). McDonald’s  released  that they would be  expanding  their tuition  reimbursement  plan.  They will now contribute $150 million to the  plan  over five  years  to benefit employees who are  employed  for at least 90  days  with the  company  (Abrams   Gebeloff, 2018). The fast-food  industry’s  growth  is sensitive when it  comes  to  changes  in consumer spending. In  times  of  recession, the  rise  of unemployment rates causes a  decline  in the consumer consumption of  fast  food.  It is not uncommon for fast-food chains to merge in order to gain a larger share of the market to increase profits.  When  consumer  spending  is higher they are more likely to  spend  money on  fast  food. Consumer  eating habits also play a role in the economic factors that affect the fast food industry.  Consumers have become more aware of the health issues associated with greasy and fatty fast-food options.  In order to keep up with consumers changing eating habits most fast food restaurants have added healthy food options such as grilled chicken, salads, yogurt and fruit to their menus to avoid the potential threat of losing Fast-food consumers. The fast food industry closed the 2017 year at 250 billion and is expected to grow 2.3% each year for the next five years for an overall total of 12% growth. The industry has adapted to consumers changing food preferences and their availability to eat. Many fast food chains have expanded their hours such as Taco Bell and McDonalds and others have also made breakfast menus available all day in order to reach out to a larger customer base. The use of kiosks and mobile phone ordering are becoming popular within the industry. These kiosks and apps provide a quicker and more efficient ordering process while cutting down the costs of labor. How to cite The United States Fast-food Industry, Papers

Impact on My Life free essay sample

Ashley Douglass 3rd period Jason When I think of someone who has made an impact on my life, the first person that comes to mind is my older brother Jason. He inspires me to be the best person I can be. Graduating valedictorian from his class and attending Yale University, Jason has shown me that dreams do come true; he reminds me that I must never give up. Growing up, Jason was always the smartest kid in class. He was beating games at age five and had an eloquent vocabulary.At a young age my parents could see that he was a genius; my mom always joked how it was all the Chinese food she ate while she was pregnant with him. After finishing seventh grade, he attended SMUs talented and gifted program, also known as TAG. This was a summer program where you live in a dorm, go to classes, and earn college credits at a young age. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact on My Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He continued this summer program every year until he graduated high school. After applying to multiple colleges, two schools he had dreamed of going to contacted him and let him know that he had received a fully paid scholarship.These schools were SMU and Yale University. He had to decide if he wanted to stay close to family or move thousands of miles away to Connecticut where hed never been before. Soon after, he decided to attend Yale University and begin his college adventure on his own. When he moved out, a part of me felt like it was missing. I knew eventually hed have to leave for college, but I didnt mentally prepare myself. I would come home from school and go in his room to ask for help with homework and the vacant room reminded me he had left.Even though I wasnt ready for him to leave, I knew when he left he was leaving to fulfill his dream and make his family proud. Throughout high school he had always dreamed of being a movie director, so right off the bat he chose to major in directing at Yale. Every summer after he had completed his classes, Yale paid for him to study abroad, study film, and film his own movies. Jason is now a senior, and if his script gets picked out of all the directors there, he gets his movie and name on the big screen. What makes Jason stand out from others is how he has never become big headed.Not only does he put other people before himself, he stays humble and he wakes up everyday to make others smile. School has always been his priority, and he tells me religiously to keep my grades up because getting into a good college holds the pathway to my future. Fortunately, he almost has his dream in the palm of his hand. I know with his drive and work ethic, his script has a big possibility of getting picked to be on the big screen. I have always believed in him and I appreciate how he constantly pushes me to be the best I can be.He has shown me that dreams can become reality if you try hard enough. For many years, Ive always dreamt of being a famous singer. Jason has been by my side since day one and supports my singing. Not only is he my big brother, he is my motivation. Every person he comes across, he treats them with upmost respect and lets them know he will always be there for them. In conclusion, Jason has made the biggest impact on my life out of everyone. Not only does he tell me to follow my dreams, but he pushes me to be the best person I can be.He inspires me with his love, integrity, honesty, and how humble he is. He is important to me because of how supportive he is in everything I do and he is always there for me when I need him even though he is thousands of miles away. He has taught me that you have all the potential inside you to be whatever you want to be. Each day you take a step towards your dream and when times get hard, hold onto it. Because there will be a morning where you wake up and realize youre the person you dreamed of, doing what you wanted to do all along.